[{"id":"241B95A6-AD75-49CD-9D09-07E2A14A577D","categoryAbbrevs":["et","on"],"philosopher":{"id":"4B7B8E3A-A01C-41B5-89B7-F6464C64A104"},"order":"8","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","internalID":"34","text":"There are objective moral standards for human conduct and character."},{"id":"46EBF311-D725-4561-8318-C8864FF3B0B7","categoryAbbrevs":["po"],"philosopher":{"id":"4ECF88A5-4159-410A-97CA-ED1984280CF6"},"order":"3","reference":"The Philosophy Book: Big Ideas Simply Explained, DK Pub., 1998","internalID":"1012","text":"In order for leaders to secure glory for the state and themselves, they cannot be bound by morality."},{"id":"CD47DA2D-1F3D-48FE-BE15-5625C6060F5D","categoryAbbrevs":["et"],"philosopher":{"id":"4ECF88A5-4159-410A-97CA-ED1984280CF6"},"order":"7","reference":"The Philosophy Book: Big Ideas Simply Explained, DK Pub., 1998","internalID":"1016","text":"Christian morality is weak and unsuitable for a strong city."},{"id":"0C08E740-DD57-47AA-85AA-A03AA48A423F","categoryAbbrevs":["po"],"philosopher":{"id":"FBB201D1-729F-47E6-9B9F-537091E3F9F3"},"order":"15","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","internalID":"169","text":"The people retain sovereignty, as they continue to have individual rights and the moral right to overthrow tyrannical governements."},{"id":"424B68BF-FB9A-472A-9E31-D6D39AFCF27A","categoryAbbrevs":["po"],"philosopher":{"id":"FBB201D1-729F-47E6-9B9F-537091E3F9F3"},"order":"16","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","internalID":"170","text":"Governments that abuse people's right, can be morally overthrown."},{"id":"102C8557-4ADE-497F-B69C-07FC2FE3F154","categoryAbbrevs":["et"],"philosopher":{"id":"0506F72D-FCD9-4F55-BD23-38953ADD2F88"},"order":"15","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","internalID":"219","text":"Moral judgements, rather than arrived at from reason, are expressions of our internal, sentimental motivations."},{"id":"8FC0DDA5-BC7E-48B3-9204-1798072E3215","categoryAbbrevs":["on","et"],"philosopher":{"id":"8D0D5B08-94A1-401D-AF81-25377AEE86DA"},"order":"13","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","internalID":"254","text":"We believe we have free will, at least some of the time; this is demonstrated by our moral concepts (good, right, duty, etc.)."},{"id":"EC59D78C-E4DF-482E-B496-14C42753BBF9","categoryAbbrevs":["et"],"philosopher":{"id":"8D0D5B08-94A1-401D-AF81-25377AEE86DA"},"order":"15","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","internalID":"256","text":"Rationality is a requirment for morality."},{"id":"787A9998-6274-4A1A-B8DF-19956C294E61","categoryAbbrevs":["et"],"philosopher":{"id":"8D0D5B08-94A1-401D-AF81-25377AEE86DA"},"order":"16","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","internalID":"257","text":"Moral judgements are imperatives, because morality takes as its issure the choice of action."},{"id":"E03F8EFA-F42C-4D8A-9B6B-01E3ECC7B501","categoryAbbrevs":["et"],"philosopher":{"id":"8D0D5B08-94A1-401D-AF81-25377AEE86DA"},"order":"17","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","internalID":"258","text":"Just as the empirical world is govern by scientific laws so too is the moral world governed by universal moral laws."},{"id":"C84D7DCC-C967-4CC2-8FBE-96EF0FACED08","categoryAbbrevs":["et"],"philosopher":{"id":"51165051-8479-477C-8491-8D508EF230E3"},"order":"8","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","internalID":"307","text":"Compassion as a moral good arises because we are one, and we share each other's suffering."},{"text":"The ultimate moral actor is the individual; decisions we make and our personal lives are important.","order":"2","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","internalID":"343","philosopher":{"id":"EA908AB3-5EA0-41A3-A2F3-1A10C7117046"},"id":"67634649-101C-439F-AAC9-AF61869D4457","categoryAbbrevs":["et"]},{"text":"The Christian epoch is characterize by a slave-morality — the weak are protected while the gifted are oppressed.","order":"6","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","internalID":"368","philosopher":{"id":"EEDE0B1A-815C-4456-8D2B-0D55028035F8"},"id":"BC5B13EE-ACE5-477E-AA8E-F9A99ABAB857","categoryAbbrevs":["et","po"]},{"text":"The greatest happiness for the greatest number should be foundational in morals and politics.","order":"5","reference":"‘The Commonplace Book’ in Works (Editor: J. Bowring), Jeremy Bentham, 1843","internalID":"264","philosopher":{"id":"0775D2F7-5F3D-4003-B101-A27738F1DF5D"},"id":"9660AFF3-4DDC-408A-A6E6-7A64782F3939","categoryAbbrevs":["et","po"]},{"text":"There should be freedom to discuss and promote anything, even things that are considered deeply immoral.","order":"5","reference":"On Liberty, John Stuart Mill,  John W.Parker & Son., 1859","internalID":"331","philosopher":{"id":"7051875D-8E55-451A-A540-A1044F7F8015"},"id":"F721ADF3-8749-4FF6-9D27-DB151B959105","categoryAbbrevs":["et"]},{"text":"When reason becomes instrumental, like in the wake of the enlightenment, morality is demoted to something akin to personal opinion.","order":"7","reference":"(& Horkheimer) The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, iep.utm.edu\/adorno\/, Author: Andrew Fagan","internalID":"519","philosopher":{"id":"C9D4FE75-42D4-4F88-9E9D-A8ECCC08CB7C"},"id":"C5808A0E-04A0-4AA3-BFAD-482AAA2F88A7","categoryAbbrevs":["ep","et"]},{"text":"Intelligence is a moral category.","order":"8","reference":"Minima Moralia, Theodor Adorno, 1951","internalID":"520","philosopher":{"id":"C9D4FE75-42D4-4F88-9E9D-A8ECCC08CB7C"},"id":"C09098D6-B05F-4F27-B101-DB960DD80108","categoryAbbrevs":["et"]},{"text":"Humans are heroic and one's own happiness is the moral purpose of life.","order":"1","reference":"Wikipedia, en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ayn_Rand","internalID":"1080","philosopher":{"id":"3ED20891-9043-47CC-BF2F-13F135A07246"},"id":"E106D81C-904B-4DF6-8444-06201CE8D8E4","categoryAbbrevs":["et"]},{"text":"Evil is not grand acts of malevolence, but  repeated banal failures of thought and moral judgement, often driven by oppressive political systems.","order":"9","reference":"The Philosophy Book, DK Pub., 2011","internalID":"532","philosopher":{"id":"E1D85DE9-595F-40A3-B281-E41B2A68F222"},"id":"499CCED8-92DA-44E8-9169-8CC540F10FDE","categoryAbbrevs":["po","et"]},{"text":"A rigid analytic\/synthetic distinction is not useful in politics or morals.","order":"1","reference":"Contemporary Philosophy, Thomas Baldwin, Oxford University Press, 2001","internalID":"635","philosopher":{"id":"9F487385-705B-4E30-A9A6-6D272E0D4DF4"},"id":"4E68C265-696B-43E9-BF28-FAA83A9AA78C","categoryAbbrevs":["et","po","ep"]},{"text":"Some of the schemes of the modern welfare state (e.g. taxation) are immoral, as they make the citizen a slave of the state.","order":"5","reference":"The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, iep.utm.edu\/nozick\/, Author: Edward Feser","internalID":"763","philosopher":{"id":"236B155A-FD0A-47E4-943A-14C0B57293BB"},"id":"8ADA8DB6-328B-4439-852E-4E6856FD85EC","categoryAbbrevs":["et","po"]},{"philosopher":{"id":"236B155A-FD0A-47E4-943A-14C0B57293BB"},"order":"6","id":"4F2B4C87-7A10-4EA8-8C04-CDC7DAA4FB25","text":"The only morally justifiable role of the state is to protect individuals from force via a police force and laws, nothing else.","internalID":"764","reference":"The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, iep.utm.edu\/nozick\/, Author: Edward Feser","categoryAbbrevs":["et","po"]},{"philosopher":{"id":"CCC2816D-0CB9-44F4-98C9-CAE66F2EACD3"},"order":"4","id":"6C59093C-4FBB-4DA9-A51E-E81DFB064CE5","text":"A completely new relationship needs to be established between men and women to have a truly moral society.","internalID":"270","reference":"Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/wollstonecraft\/, Author: Sylvana Tomaselli","categoryAbbrevs":["et","fe","po"]},{"philosopher":{"id":"389472AB-3BF9-4E5E-BB9E-A5B858BFD20D"},"order":"3","id":"1FB8AFB8-F613-4C12-85F9-695B615744F5","text":"Moral doctrine owes nothing to the supernatural.","internalID":"2232","reference":"The Philosophy Book, DK Pub., 2011","categoryAbbrevs":["et"]},{"philosopher":{"id":"2EE09BAD-1395-4394-8F6F-EB591069AE66"},"order":"4","id":"E2B259FD-FB07-4320-BE45-BF1B37F485DE","text":"We experience ourselves, not through rational introspection, but through moralizing.","internalID":"284","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","categoryAbbrevs":["ep","et"]},{"philosopher":{"id":"2EE09BAD-1395-4394-8F6F-EB591069AE66"},"order":"5","id":"D63D8BFC-238A-48C8-A3B2-03BFF3D9911C","text":"The persistence of the self is revealed to us through our bearing moral responsibility.","internalID":"285","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","categoryAbbrevs":["ep","et"]},{"philosopher":{"id":"2EE09BAD-1395-4394-8F6F-EB591069AE66"},"order":"6","id":"0A027FE6-C143-4A79-8585-B9A88D8A088E","text":"Reality is moral, as reality is created by our moral acts.","internalID":"286","reference":"The Story of Philosophy, Bryan Magee, DK Pub., 1998","categoryAbbrevs":["on","et"]},{"philosopher":{"id":"215CFEFE-7D4B-400D-A14B-CD4BE9E0AA30"},"order":"4","id":"3C87CA6F-64CB-4749-8EDE-9F906B6B3959","text":"Thinking of morality as what we “ought” to do, i.e. as a set of rules to follow, assumes a religious conception about what is “owed” to God.","internalID":"605","reference":"Contemporary Philosophy, Thomas Baldwin, Oxford University Press, 2001","categoryAbbrevs":["et","th"]},{"philosopher":{"id":"215CFEFE-7D4B-400D-A14B-CD4BE9E0AA30"},"order":"5","id":"17141E9B-F6B8-42FD-ABF1-82B27DC2BB3C","text":"Our particular understanding of vitues and vices should be used by secular culture to construct a morality.","internalID":"606","reference":"Contemporary Philosophy, Thomas Baldwin, Oxford University Press, 2001","categoryAbbrevs":["et","po","so"]},{"philosopher":{"id":"215CFEFE-7D4B-400D-A14B-CD4BE9E0AA30"},"order":"6","id":"D5A9A141-7857-472B-8054-82DA61DB7AED","text":"For a secular morality, a new philosophy will be required, one that changes how belief and desire explain actions.","internalID":"607","reference":"Contemporary Philosophy, Thomas Baldwin, Oxford University Press, 2001","categoryAbbrevs":["et","on"]},{"philosopher":{"id":"87CC8B86-67A2-4481-B7C6-F4E8CE10DEA0"},"order":"10","id":"E36118A2-CBFC-48B5-ACDA-B7DCFA9C144E","text":"Moral realism cannot be established or refuted by a crucial experiment; its validity is a comparative matter.","internalID":"921","reference":"Mind and Cosmos, Thomas Nagel, Oxford University Press, 2012","categoryAbbrevs":["et"]},{"philosopher":{"id":"3E3804E0-17AB-4AB9-B647-D4CA2E9C23D5"},"order":"3","id":"B5D6D411-9C79-4563-BF6C-FFBB66829286","text":"Personal integrity and self-reliance are moral imperatives.","internalID":"2362","reference":"\"The Philosophy Book, DK Pub., 2011\"","categoryAbbrevs":["et"]}]